Friedrich hermann wilke



Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRIEDRICH HERMANN YVILKE, OF BRADFORD, ENGLAND.

LOOM FOR WEAVING VELVETS, 80c.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 441,084, dated November18, 1890. Application filed September 15, 1888. $erial No. 285,505- (Nomodel.) Patented in England May 29, 1888, No. 7,822.

i To aZZ whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH HERMANN VVILKE, a subject of the Emperorof Germany, at present residing at Bradford, county of York, England,have invented certain Improvements in Looms for Weaving Velvets,&c.,(for which I, in conjunction with a certain'Gustavus Adolphus JohnSchott, have made application fora patent in Great Britain, No. 7,822,dated May 29, 1888,) of which .the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of velvets, plushes, and otherfabrics having a pile produced by cutting floating weft, as is wellunderstood.

The object of my invention is to cut the weft-floats in the loom duringthe weaving of the fabric. My invention is particularly suitable to theproduct-ion of woolen or silk plushes, which would be injured by thedressing and treatment preparatory and subsequent to the ordinary handcutting operation; but I do not confine the application of my inventionin this respect. I employ a cutter to out each race of weft, and Icontrol the action of the cutters by means of wires which pass throughthe reed and part of the harness and are woven into the portion offabric which extends from the line of beat up to the cutters.

My invention will be most clearly understood when described more fullywith reference to the drawings, of which a description follows.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a diagram illustrative of the means employedby me for weaving and cutting the pile fabric. In this figure thebreast-beam and back rail of an ordinary loom are represented incross-sectionl The remaining parts of the loom may be of any suitableconstruction, the representation of such parts notbeing necessary to theproper understanding of my invention. Fig. 2 is a side View of thecutting apparatus and is an enlargement of part of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is anedge View of some of the cutters, the cutterguards and race-guides beingrepresented in section in the lower part of the figure. Fig.

4 is a plan view of the parts which appear in Fig. 2. of Fig. 1.

In Fig. 1, a is the breast-beam of a loom. b

Fig. 5 is an enlarged View of part is the back rail, and c is thecrank-sheift- The lay is represented by the dotted lines at d and thereed at e. The warps are indicated by the dotted lines at f. Through thereed are passed Wires 9, which correspond in number with the number ofraces which are to be formed and out. In Fig. 4 the front ends ofthirteen of these wires appear; but it will be understood that thenumber which Would be used in practice would depend upon the width ofthe fabric and the fineness of the pile. In the cases of striped goodsthe wires would be arranged in clusters according to the pattern. Eachwire extends through a set of healds h and through the reed e, and isheld at the back end by a rock-shaft 7;, and at the front end is securedto a race-guide and cutterguard j. One of these guides appears in Fig.2. The guide is made of thin sheet metal bent into a trough form. Thefront end of the guide is brought to a point and is soldered, brazed, orsecured to the end of the wire. The rear end of the guide is filled upsolid and out into a hooked form, so that it can be held by means of across-bar Z, which is secured to the loom and extends across the samefrom side to side. Oap=plates Z, secured to the bar I, enter the hooksin the guides and keep the latter in position. The means for securingthe guides may be varied. The

woven fabric passes forward in contact with a rail a, which is securedto the ordinary breast-beam a, and as the guides rest upon the fabricthey are sustained in position. A shaft m extends across the loom fromside to side, and is mounted to revolve in bearings. Upon this shaft arethreaded circular cutters n, which are made of thin sheet-steel. Afastkey upon the shaft enters a notch in the eye of each cutter, so that thecutters are prevented from revolving upon the shaft. The cutterscorrespond in number with the guides, a cutter entering the trough-likepart of each guide, as seen in Fig. 3. The cutters are not rigidly fixedupon the shaft, but are free to follow any slight lateral movementswhich the guides may have. To keep the cutters upright and approximatelyin position,wash-xoc ing the working of the loom the shaft m receives arevolving motion.

The dotted lines indicate a band which connects a small pulley upon oneend of the shaftm with a larger pulley upon the tappetshaft. The shaft mmay be driven by an overhead shaft or otherwise revolved, as the meanswhereby it is actuated are not importan t. The end of each wire whichisheld by the rock-shaft 'i is formed with a small head, button, orenlargement, and the wire is dropped into a slit in a comb 1i the headupon the wire preventing the wire from being drawn out of the comb. Thesaid comb is attached to the rock-shaft, and the latter is rocked bymeans of a wiper p, which is fixed upon the crank-shaft and acts upon alever q upon the rock-shaft. The rocking movement imparted to the shafti is calculated to be just suflicient to compensate for the action ofthe healds h. The action of the parts is as follows: During the weavingthe wires are raised and lowered by the healds h in a similar manner tothe warps, so that the shuttle at times passes below the wires and atother times above the wires. At the times when the picks of pile weftare made the wires, or some of them, are drawn down as in Fig. 1, sothat the weft floats over the wires which are thus woven into the races.As the reed heats up the successive picks, the floats of weft are pushedalong the wires which are held by the comb i, so as to be prevented frommoving forward with the cloth. The floats of weft are thus guided by thewires until they pass on to the pointsj' of the guides j, and are cut bycoming into contact with the revolving cutters n. It will thus be seenthat the wires act as guides to guide the races exactly to the cutters,and to insure that each race shall be cut in the center line of itslength. These wires passing through the harness and reed and raised andlowered for the passage of the shuttle constitute the most importantfeature in my invention.

Having thus fully described myinvention, I would state that what I claimis-- 1. In a loom, the wires g, a rock-shaft to which said wires areattached, cutter-guides j, attached to the other ends of said Wires, and

means for rocking said shaft, in combination with a revoluble shaft mand cutters 92, mounted thereon, substantially as set forth. i 2. Inaloom, the wires g, the comb t", engaging said Wires, the reed e, arock-shaft carrying the comb, guides j, attached to the other ends ofthe wires, the revoluble shaft m and cutters n thereon, in combinationwith a set of healds h for raising and lowering the wires, substantiallyas set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRIEDRICH HERMANN \VILKE.

\Vitnesses:

J. W. THORNTON, A. XVARKINsoN, Clerks t0 IVIessrs. Killz'ck, Hutton d3 lintSo- Zicizfors, Bradford.

